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- @
- In Russia
- Pasternak is
- venerated as
- a poet of
- Shakespearean
- stature. His work
- is for the most
- part a hymn of
- praise to nature,
- as profound and
- constant as the
- world of men is
- shallow and
- transient
- #
- When the Russian
- Revolution came,
- Pasternak was
- already an estab-
- lished talent. In
- those frantic and
- heady years he
- published some
- spectacular, but
- juvenile poems in
- the futurist
- manner. Some he
- later re-wrote;
- most he discarded,
- regretting having
- allowed them to
- be published in
- the first place
- #
- Pasternak's
- enthusiasm for
- the revolution
- evaporated, and
- in the dark days
- of the Thirties
- he was fortunate
- not to be purged.
- But he found it
- impossible to
- publish his poetry,
- which, for
- Pasternak, was a
- kind of literary
- death sentence. He
- scraped a living
- by translating
- Shakespeare and
- other poets
- into Russian
- #
- For many years
- Boris Pasternak
- worked in secret
- on Doctor Zhivago,
- his account of
- the vast tragedy
- which had befallen
- his Russia.
- When it became
- clear that the
- book would not
- be published in
- the Soviet Union,
- he gave the signal
- for it to be
- published abroad
- #
- Dr Zhivago was
- acclaimed as a
- masterpiece in
- the west, but
- Pasternak was
- abused for 'anti-
- Soviet slander' by
- the Soviet press.
- He was threatened
- with exile from
- Russia, which for
- Pasternak would
- have been the
- worst kind of
- punishment
- #
- Doctor Zhivago
- was finally
- published in
- Russia during
- the glasnost
- years. It was
- immediately
- welcomed as a
- classic novel of
- Tolstoyan scope
- and grandeur. The
- wooden house in
- Peredelkino, near
- Moscow, where
- he wrote the
- novel, and where
- his family still
- lives, was made
- into a museum
- to his memory
- #
- In Pasternak's
- country, in
- Pasternak's time,
- it was a badge of
- honor for an
- artist to be
- ridiculed and
- vilified for his
- art. He understood
- this better than
- anybody, but he
- had the courage
- that comes with
- genius, and he
- kept faith with
- his own unique
- poetic gift
- @
- Artistically, Gorky was the opposite pole to Pasternak. He was a
- self-taught proletarian who believed that the function of art was to
- propound a committed political viewpoint. But he shared with
- Pasternak a belief in the value of the human spirit, and in its
- indestructibility
- #
- The squeamish hero of Babel's tales of the civil war is in many ways
- the literary ancestor of Doctor Zhivago. Like Lyutov, Zhivago watches
- in dismay as the revolution devalues the individual and makes the
- collective will the supreme good
- #
- Mayakovsky was a firm friend of Pasternak's, and his ebullient
- influence is strongly felt in Pasternak's early verse. When Mayakovsky
- killed himself rather than face the long night of Stalinism, Pasternak
- was one of the first at the scene of the suicide
- #
- Pasternak and Akhmatova belong to the 'Silver Age' of Russian poetry,
- a brief period before the revolution when a clutch of poets of true
- genius appeared in Russia. Only these two escaped extinction: the
- others were all arrested, dying in the labor camps ofthe gulag, or else
- they took their own lives
- @
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